A Short History of the Office Chair.

21 Oct.,2024

 

A Short History of the Office Chair.

There is much controversy over who invented the humble office chair with claims from both sides of the Atlantic.

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What makes an office chair different from any other chair? Usually an office chair, or desk chair, is a type of chair  that is designed for use whilst sitting at a desk in an office. It is more usually a swivel chair, with a set of castors or wheels for mobility and adjustable height. Charles Darwin the English naturalist and geologist best known for his contributions to evolutionary theory fitted wheels to the chair in his study to make it easier to move around between his specimens.

American inventor Thomas E. Warren (b. ), designed the Centripetal Spring Armchair in which was produced by the American Chair Company in Troy, New York. It was first presented at the Great Exhibition in London. These chairs had a combination of wrought iron framework and velvet upholstery, with some models even having a skirt to cover the legs and maintain modesty!

This is probably the earliest example of  what we now refer to as a task chair . Conceived at the inception of the industrial revolution, the design was adapted for use on railway carriages as the springing seat helped to absorb shock from the train's movement. It has most of the significant features that might distinguish a work chair today &#; including castors, head support and rotating seat- the only thing missing was adjustable lumbar support. Victorian London did not take to this chair in the slightest! It was deemed to be so comfortable as to be immoral!

Pynt explains in her paper, "Nineteenth Century Patent Seating" in the Journal of Design History. In the Victorian era, upright posture on a rigid, unsupportive seat provided an opportunity to demonstrate refinement and willpower and thereby morality!

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Some employers today, still seem to think that providing comfortable and adaptive seating is a sign of weakness, as the staff are "there to work - not to be mollycoddled!"

In the USA the advent of the railways meant office chairs were developed around the middle of the 19th century as more workers spent their working days sitting at a desk requiring more mobility than a standard dining chair. Businesses began to expand beyond the traditional model of a family business with little emphasis on administration. As firms grew in size additional administrative staff was required to keep up with administration, book keeping, and correspondence.

This new style of chairs caught the attention of Otto van Bismarck, who is credited with popularizing the office chair by distributing them throughout the Prussian parliament during his time in office.

I will continue with the development of the office chair in future postings.

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